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1.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 116(5): 675-678, oct. 2018. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-973672

ABSTRACT

La estenosis de la arteria renal es una causa rara de hipertensión arterial neonatal de origen renovascular. Hay muy pocos casos descritos en la literatura en esta etapa. La mayor parte de los pacientes con esta afectación permanecen asintomáticos, y la hipertensión se detecta en las revisiones pediátricas rutinarias. El diagnóstico puede realizarse mediante la combinación de hallazgos bioquímicos y radiológicos. El manejo inicial del paciente se basa en terapia farmacológica hasta alcanzar un crecimiento adecuado para evaluar la reparación definitiva de la lesión vascular o la nefrectomía en caso de supresión funcional del riñón afecto. Se presenta a una paciente femenina recién nacida a término, con hipertensión arterial e importante falla cardíaca congestiva, originada por una estenosis unilateral de la arteria renal, con supresión funcional y atrofia del riñón afecto, que precisó importante soporte inotrópico y antihipertensivo durante los primeros días de vida, con importante mejoría clínica posterior.


Renal artery stenosis represents a rare cause of neonatal arterial hypertension of renovascular origin, having been described few cases in the literature at this stage of life. Most patients with this disease remain asymptomatic; hypertension can be detected in routine pediatric revisions. Diagnosis can be performed by combining biochemical and radiological findings. The initial management consists of pharmacological therapy in order to achieve adequate growth. Subsequently, it is necessary to assess definitive repair of the vascular lesion or nephrectomy in the case of functional abolition of the affected kidney. We present a term newborn female, with arterial hypertension and an important congestive heart failure, caused by a unilateral renal artery stenosis, with functional abolition and atrophy of the affected kidney, which required an important inotropic and antihypertensive support during her first days of life, with significant clinical improvement subsequently.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Infant, Newborn , Renal Artery Obstruction/diagnosis , Heart Failure/diagnosis , Hypertension/diagnosis , Renal Artery Obstruction/complications , Heart Failure/etiology , Hypertension/etiology
2.
Rev. chil. pediatr ; 88(4): 487-494, 2017. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-900007

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La enfermedad metabólica ósea (EMO) del recién nacido prematuro (RNPT) es una complicación de origen multifactorial, que ha ido en aumento, consecuencia de la disminución progresiva de la mortalidad. El objetivo del estudio fue analizar los factores de riesgo (FR) pre y postnatales relacionados con la EMO severa y sus marcadores analíticos. Pacientes y Métodos: Estudio retrospectivo observacional, descriptivo y analítico, que incluyó RNPT nacidos con menos de 32 semanas y/o peso menor de 1.500 g entre enero de 2012 y diciembre de 2014. Se analizó la muestra en función del desarrollo de EMO severa. Resultados: 139 pacientes, con 25(OH)D3 media de 70,68 ± 25,20 nmol/l, mayor en los nacidos en primavera-verano que en otoño-invierno (80,94 ± 25,33 vs 61,13±21,07; p = 0,000). Los pacientes con EMO severa presentaron valores de 25(OH)D3 similares al resto de pacientes (65,61 ± 26,49 vs 72,07 ± 24,89; p = 0,283), y superiores de fosfatasa alcalina (FA) (1314,19 ± 506,67 vs 476,56 ± 188,85; p = 0,000). Mediante curva ROC se calculó un punto de corte de FA de 796,5 IU/l (S 95,2%, E 92,4%). Los FR más asociados al desarrollo de EMO severa fueron el crecimiento intrauterino restringido, el peso al nacimiento y la duración de ventiloterapia y nutrición parenteral. Conclusiones: Las cifras de FA son las que mejor se relacionan con el desarrollo de EMO severa. El riesgo de ésta aumenta a mayor número de factores de riesgo y menores cifras de vitamina D3. Niveles de 25(OH)D3 por encima de 70 nmol/l parecen proteger del desarrollo de EMO, incluso en pacientes con múltiples factores de riesgo.


Background: Metabolic bone disease (MBD) of prematurity is a complication of multifactorial aetiology, which has been increasing, due to progressive decrease in mortality of preterm newborns. The aim of the study was to analyze risk factors of severe MBD and its analytical markers. Patients and Method: Retrospective study involving preterm infants less than 32 weeks gestational age and/or weight less tan 1,500 g born between january 2012 and december 2014. Comparison was made according to the presence of severe MBD. Results: 139 patients were recruited. Mean value of 25(OH)D3 was 70.68 ± 25.20 nmol/L, being higher in patients born in spring-summer than in autumn-winter (80.94 ± 25.33 vs 61.13 ± 21.07; p = 0.000). Levels of 25(OH)D3 were similar in patients with severe MBD compared with the rest of patients (65.61 ± 26.49 vs 72.07 ± 24.89, P = 0.283). Higher levels of alkaline phosphatase (AP, IU/L ) (1314.19 ± 506.67 vs 476.56 ± 188.85; p = 0.000) were found in these patients. Cutoff point of AP 796.5 IU/L (S 95.2%, specificity 92.4%) was calculated by ROC curve. The risk factors most associated to severe EMO were restricted fetal growth, birth weight, duration of ventilation therapy and parenteral nutrition. Conclusions: AP levels were the best marker of severe MBD development. EMO risk increases with the number of risk factors and lower levels of 25(OH)D3. Levels of 25(OH)D3 higher than 70nmol/L appear to protect from the development of severe MBD, even in patients with multiple risk factors.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Bone Diseases, Metabolic/diagnosis , Bone Diseases, Metabolic/etiology , Infant, Premature, Diseases/diagnosis , Infant, Premature, Diseases/etiology , Bone Diseases, Metabolic/metabolism , Infant, Premature , Biomarkers/metabolism , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Infant, Premature, Diseases/metabolism
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